During the past decade formulation of vesicles as a tool to improve drug delivery, has created a lot of interest amongst the scientist working in the area of drug delivery systems. Niosomes have more penetrating capability than the previous preparations of emulsions. Niosomes or non ionic surfactant vesicles are formed from self assembly of hydrated surfactant monomers. Recent trends in niosome as vesicular drug delivery system. They are structurally similar to liposomes in having a bilayer, however, the materials used to prepare niosomes make them more. Jul 16, 2010 nonsonicated niosomes were in the size range of 23. Niosomes are biodegradable, biocompatible nonimmunogenic and exhibit flexibility in their structural characterization. Structure of niosomes niosomes are microscopic lamellar structures which are formed on the admixture of nonionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in.
Niosomes are vesicles of nonionic surfactant for example, alkyl ester and alkyl ether and cholesterol that act as a carrier for amphiphilic and. The vesicles were of varied sizes niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. Niosomes as carrier in dermal drug delivery intechopen. As a result, the drug entrapment efficiency of liposomes is less than that of niosomes. Niosomes for the treatment of leishmaniasisniosomes are being used for the delivery of stilbogluconate an antileishmaniasis agent for its delivery to visceral organs. Surfactants used to prepare niosomes are biodegradable. Niosomes are biodegradable, biocompatible, and nonimmunogenic. Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. Targetspecific drugdelivery systems for the administration of pharmaceutical compounds enable the localization of drugs to diseased sites.
The concentration of cholesterol is higher in liposomes than in niosomes. What is the difference between liposomes and niosomes. Paclitaxelloaded niosomes for intravenous administration. Development and characterization of niosomal drug delivery of. The niosomes are very small, and microscopic in size. Zidovudine niosomes formulated with tween 80 entrapped high amounts of drug and the addition of dcp enhanced drug release for a longer time 88. Vesicular system such as liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes and ethosomes provide an alternative to improve the drug delivery. Carriers for topical and transdermal drug delivery adapted from reference venuganti et al. In this paper, we summarize the structure, components, formulation methods, quality control of niosome and its applications in chemical drugs. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. Niosomes are one of the promising drug carriers that have a bilayer structure and are formed by selfassociation of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol in an aqueous phase.
Niosomes are prepared from uncharged single chain surfactant and cholesterols. You can either select the files you want to merge from you computer or drop them on the app using drag. The average vesicle size of the prepared niosomes was measured by using optical microscope vaiseshika 7001ims and the vesicle size distribution studies were performed on the optimized batches by measuring the size of randomly selected 100 niosomes vesicles from each formulation. Paul ehrlich, in 1909, initiated the era of development for targeted delivery when he envisaged a drug delivery mechanism that would target directly to diseased cell. The niosomes have amphiphillic bilayer structure in a way that polar region is. The nonionic surfactant has a hydrophilic head group and a hydrophobic tail which affect the entrapment efficiency of the drug.
Just like liposomes, niosomes can be unilamellar or multilamellar, are. Formulation and evaluation of niosomes indian journal of. Vesicular drug delivery system are novel means to improve the bioavailability of the encapsulated drug along with numerous advantages over conventional drug delivery systems. Sorbitan ester niosomes for topical delivery of rofecoxib. Niosomes are nonionic surfactant based unilamellar or multilamellar bilayer vesicles up on hydration of non ionic surfactants with or without incorporation cholesterol. Most surfactants have a single hydrophobic tail, eg.
The vesicle is composed of a bilayer of nonionic surface active agents and hence the name niosomes. Niosome using span60 as surfactant, image from niosome liposome are made of phospholipids, th. Niosomes are unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles. Localization of drugs encapsulated in niosomes is utilized to treat tumors known to metastasize to the liver and spleen. Jun 09, 2010 the uptake of niosomes is controlled by circulating serum factors called opsonins, which mark the niosomes for clearance while delivering the cargo to the antigen presenting cells. Formulation and optimization of zidovudine niosomes.
Niosomes can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and can prolong the circulation of the entrapped drug in body. Niosomes serve as drug depots in the body which release the drug in a controlled manner through its bilayer providing sustained release of the enclosed drug. By contrast, liposomes are prepared from neutral or charged double chain phospholipids. Since then an ever increasing interest has been exhibited on the application of niosomes in the field of pharmaceutics, cosmetics and food industry, leading to the publication of more than 1200 research articles, about 200 patents and 6 clinical trials from 1980. Niosomes, nonionic surfactant vesicles with lamellar structure which may be unilamellar and multilamellar serve to be efficient in providing these required advantages. Niosomes and its application navneet kumar verma 1department of pharmacy, rameshwaram institute of technology and management lucknow, u. Hao y, zhao f, li n, yang y, li k, studies on a high encapsulation of colchicine by a niosome system.
Niosomes or non ionic surfactant vesicles are formed from self assembly of hydrated surfactant. Formulation and characterization of drug loaded nonionic. Niosomes are formed on the admixture of nonionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkylpolyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media. Liposomes were first in such type of delivery systems but it was not so successful due to their numerous drawbacks. The vesicles of span 20based niosomes were distinct, near spherical large unilamellar vesicles. In niosomes drug delivery system, the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. Formulation and evaluation pranshu tangri1, shaffi khurana1 ditfaculty of pharmacy mussoorie diversion road, bhagwantpura, dehradun, uttarakhand248001 abstract niosomes are nonionic surfactant vesicles obtained on hydration of synthetic nonionic surfactants, with or without incorporation of cholesterol or other lipids. Niosomes are multilamellar vesicles prepared from synthetic nonionic surfactants. Niosomes can act as carriers for radiopharmaceuticals and site specific vehicle for spleen and liver imaging. Niosome definition of niosome by medical dictionary. Niosomes are used for better targeting of the drug at appropriate tissue destination. Full text niosomal drug delivery for transdermal targeting. They are functionally the same, have the same physical properties and act. Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is.
Advances of nonionic surfactant vesicles niosomes and their. The selfassembly of nonionic surfactant into vesicles was first reported in the seventies by researchers in the cosmetic industry. Research article formulation and invitro evaluation of. They combine a nonionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol followed by. Apr 25, 2016 vesicular drug delivery system are novel means to improve the bioavailability of the encapsulated drug along with numerous advantages over conventional drug delivery systems. They are functionally the same, have the same physical properties and act as amphiphilic vesicules. Soda pdf merge tool allows you to combine two or more documents into a single pdf file for free. Also, niosomes by their nonionic nature and admirable biodegradability have shown excellent. Drug targeting can be defined as the ability to direct a therapeutic agent specifically to desired site of action with little or no interaction with non target tissue.
Niosomes are made of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol. A diverse range of materials have been used to form niosomes such as sucrose ester surfactants and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether surfactants, alkyl ester, alkyl amides, fatty acids and. The release of drug from niosomes is determined using the membrane diffusion technique. Niosomes are vesicles composed of nonionic surfactants, which are biodegradable, relatively nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive, an alternative to liposomes. It can be used as carriers of amphiphilic and lipophilic drug. Niosomes have attracted a great deal of attention in controlled drug delivery systems because of many advantages, such as biodegradability, nonimmunogenicity nature, bioavailability and effective in the modulation of drug release properties. Preparation and characterization of giant niosomes masters thesis in nanotechnology maryam homaei department of microtechnology and nanoscience mc2 chalmers university of technology gothenburg, sweden 2016. Niosomes are a novel surfactantbased delivery system that may be used to deliver desoximetasone via topical product application in order to. Niosomes can be used for oral delivery of drug thus protecting it from the hostile environment of the git and targeting to re. They are being used in topical and transdermal products both contaning hydrophobic and hydrophillic drugs. Niosomes are formed mostly by cholesterol incorporation as an. These are vesicular systems which are highly similar to liposomes vesicles with the intention to be used as drugs carriers which are amphiphilic or lipophilic.
Targeted drug delivery can also be achieved using niosomes the drug is delivered directly to the body part where the therapeutic effect is required. Niosomes are nonionic surfactant vesicles obtained on hydration of synthetic nonionic surfactants, with or without incorporation of cholesterol or other lipids. Niosomal suspension shows a visible spectrum superimposable onto that of free hemoglobin. The result suggested that niosomes prepared were of uniform size and spherical in shape shown in fig. Niosomes are made up of uncharged single chain surfactant molecules. This webapp provides a simple way to merge pdf files. The diameter of the formulated niosomes was found to be in the range of 12.
Niosomes are microscopic in size and their size lies in the nanometric scale. Development and characterization of niosomal drug delivery. Formulation and characterization of topical gel of. Niosome niosomes are microscopic lamellar structures composed of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol.
In niosomes, the vesicles forming amphiphilic is a nonionic surfactant such as span 60 which is usually stabilized by addition of. As the hlb value of surfactant increases, therefore, alkyl chain rises, thereby, the size of niosomes rises. The average vesicular size of niosomes of all the batches was measured in the range of 4. Formulation and characterization of topical gel of erythromycin entrapped into niosomes vyas jigar, gajjar vishal, gediya tejas, christian vishal, upadhyay umesh sigma institute of pharmacy, baroda, gujarat, india corres. Preparation and characterization of giant niosomes chalmers. Niosomes are formations of vesicles by hydrating mixture of cholesterol and nonionic surfactants. This research article focuses on the concept of niosomes, advantages and disadvantages, composition, method of preparation, factors that influence the niosomal formulation and characterization, application of niosomes. Transdermal absorption enhancement of gel containing.
Thus a large number of drugs and other materials can be delivered using niosomes udupa, 2004. Formulation and evaluation of lansoprazole niosome naresh ahuja, vipin saini, vijay kumar bishnoi, atul garg, monika hisoria, joyati sharma and kunal nepali department of pharmaceutics, bharti institute of pharmaceutical sciences, sriganganagar335001 raj. The vesicles were discrete and separate with no aggregation or agglomeration figure 1. Evaluations of quality by design qbd elements impact for. Niosomes can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs in aqueous layer and vesicular membrane respectively. Effect of vitamin e and a longchain alcohol noctanol on the. Structure of niosomes niosomes are microscopic lamellar structures which are formed on the admixture of nonionic surfactant of the alkyl or dialkyl polyglycerol ether class and cholesterol with subsequent hydration in aqueous media.
Contents of the powerpoint on niosomes drug delivery systems include. Aceclofenac is a drug with narrow therapeutic index and short biological halflife. Niosomes are formed mostly by nonionic surfactant and cholesterol incorporation as an excipient. Niosomes and liposomes have similar application in drug delivery but chemically differ in structure units. Niosomes may be unilamellar or multilamellar depending on the method used to prepare them. Niosomes as carrier in dermal drug delivery 143 figure 2. Jan, 2014 contents of the powerpoint on niosomes drug delivery systems include. Niosomes are the vesicles made by the nonionic surfactants formulated by hydration of synthetic nonionic surfactants, with or without integration of cholesterol or other lipids.
From each batch about 100 niosomes were measured for the diameter. Niosomes are known to be superior to liposomes because of their higher chemical stability of surfactants than lipids. Niosomes, lamellar vesicles prepared from nonionic surfactants and cholesterol, have been investigated in recent years due to their potential applications as. Dec 26, 2010 niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. Niosomes combine several advantages with respect to other nanocarriers.
Different novel approaches used for delivering these drugs include liposomes,microspheres, nanotechnology, micro emulsions, antibody loaded drug delivery, magnetic microcapsules, implantable pumps and niosomes. A niosome consists of drugs, cholesterol or its derivatives, nonionic surfactants and, sometimes, ionic. Concentration of the free drug in the supernatant was determined by measuring absorbance at 267 nm with a uv spectrophotometer shimadzu, uv 1650 pc, kyoto, japan. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Pdf merge combinejoin pdf files online for free soda pdf. Niosomes nonionic surfactant drug delivery system targeted delivery bioavailability.
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